Harden Atlas network, SSH, firewall, and sharing

ansible/roles/profile_atlas/defaults/main.yml

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ atlas_admin_uid: 1000
 atlas_admin_gid: 1000
 atlas_admin_ssh_keys: []
 atlas_admin_password_hash: "!"
+# Local forwarding permits an administrator to tunnel a private service without allowing remote forwards.
+atlas_ssh_allow_tcp_forwarding: local
 
 atlas_immich_username: immich
 atlas_immich_group: immich
@@ -24,6 +26,25 @@ atlas_lan_subnet: CHANGEME_LAN_SUBNET
 atlas_aegis_ip: CHANGEME_AEGIS_IP
 atlas_manage_firewall: false
 atlas_firewalld_zone: public
+atlas_hardening_sysctls:
+  net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects: "0"
+  net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects: "0"
+  net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects: "0"
+  net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects: "0"
+  net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route: "0"
+  net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route: "0"
+  net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians: "1"
+  net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians: "1"
+  net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter: "2"
+  net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter: "2"
+  net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies: "1"
+  net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts: "1"
+  net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses: "1"
+  net.ipv4.ip_forward: "0"
+  net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects: "0"
+  net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects: "0"
+  net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route: "0"
+  net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route: "0"
 atlas_zfs_pool: CHANGEME_ZFS_POOL
 atlas_zfs_dataset_work: work
 atlas_zfs_dataset_archive: archive
@@ -72,6 +93,8 @@ atlas_nfs_exports:
       - "anongid={{ atlas_immich_gid }}"
 atlas_samba_share_name: Archive
 atlas_samba_workgroup: WORKGROUP
+# Keep encryption mandatory unless a verified client-compatibility exception is explicitly required.
+atlas_samba_encryption: required
 atlas_samba_valid_users: []
 atlas_samba_accounts: []
 atlas_samba_password_marker_dir: /var/lib/samba/private/ansible-passwords

ansible/roles/profile_atlas/tasks/account.yml

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
       - atlas_admin_username != 'CHANGEME_ATLAS_ADMIN'
       - (atlas_admin_ssh_keys | default([])) | length > 0
       - atlas_admin_password_hash not in ['', '!', '*']
+      - atlas_ssh_allow_tcp_forwarding in ['no', 'yes', 'local', 'remote', 'all']
       - "'wheel' not in atlas_immich_supplementary_groups"
     fail_msg: >-
       Define atlas_admin_username, vault_atlas_authorized_ssh_keys and
@@ -149,6 +150,18 @@
       - "'pubkeyauthentication yes' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
       - "'passwordauthentication no' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
       - "'kbdinteractiveauthentication no' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'authenticationmethods publickey' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'x11forwarding no' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "('allowtcpforwarding ' ~ atlas_ssh_allow_tcp_forwarding) in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'allowagentforwarding no' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'gatewayports no' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'permittunnel no' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'permituserenvironment no' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'maxauthtries 3' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'logingracetime 30' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'clientaliveinterval 300' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'clientalivecountmax 2' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
+      - "'loglevel VERBOSE' in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
       - "('allowusers ' ~ atlas_admin_username) in atlas_sshd_effective_configuration.stdout_lines"
     fail_msg: The effective Atlas SSH configuration does not match the required hardening.
   when: not ansible_check_mode

ansible/roles/profile_atlas/tasks/hardening.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+- name: Enforce targeted SELinux on Atlas
+  tags: [atlas, hardening, security]
+  ansible.posix.selinux:
+    policy: targeted
+    state: enforcing
+    update_kernel_param: true
+  register: atlas_selinux_enforcement
+
+- name: Report when Atlas requires a reboot for SELinux enforcement
+  tags: [atlas, hardening, security]
+  ansible.builtin.debug:
+    msg: Reboot Atlas before relying on SELinux enforcement.
+  when: atlas_selinux_enforcement.reboot_required | default(false)
+
+- name: Apply Atlas network-kernel hardening
+  tags: [atlas, hardening, security]
+  ansible.posix.sysctl:
+    name: "{{ item.key }}"
+    value: "{{ item.value }}"
+    state: present
+    sysctl_set: true
+    reload: true
+  loop: "{{ atlas_hardening_sysctls | dict2items }}"
+  loop_control:
+    label: "{{ item.key }}={{ item.value }}"
+
+- name: Read active Atlas SELinux mode
+  tags: [atlas, hardening, security]
+  ansible.builtin.command:
+    argv:
+      - getenforce
+  register: atlas_selinux_mode
+  changed_when: false
+  when: not ansible_check_mode
+
+- name: Require active SELinux enforcement on Atlas
+  tags: [atlas, hardening, security]
+  ansible.builtin.assert:
+    that:
+      - atlas_selinux_mode.stdout == 'Enforcing'
+    fail_msg: >-
+      Atlas SELinux is not enforcing. Reboot if requested by the preceding
+      SELinux task, then rerun the hardening role before enabling services.
+  when: not ansible_check_mode

ansible/roles/profile_atlas/tasks/main.yml

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 - name: Import Atlas 45Drives tasks
   ansible.builtin.import_tasks: cockpit.yml
 
+- name: Import Atlas network hardening tasks
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: hardening.yml
+
 - name: Import Atlas pool bootstrap tasks
   ansible.builtin.import_tasks: pool.yml
 

ansible/roles/profile_atlas/tasks/sharing.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,50 @@
----
+- name: Require completed Atlas firewall placeholders
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services]
+  ansible.builtin.assert:
+    that:
+      - atlas_lan_subnet != 'CHANGEME_LAN_SUBNET'
+      - atlas_aegis_ip != 'CHANGEME_AEGIS_IP'
+      - atlas_firewalld_zone | length > 0
+      - ansible_facts.default_ipv4.interface | default('') | length > 0
+    fail_msg: Replace the Atlas LAN, Aegis and firewall-zone placeholders.
+  when: atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+
+- name: Apply Atlas firewalld rich rules
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services]
+  ansible.posix.firewalld:
+    rich_rule: "{{ item }}"
+    permanent: true
+    immediate: true
+    state: enabled
+    zone: "{{ atlas_firewalld_zone }}"
+  loop: "{{ atlas_firewalld_rich_rules }}"
+  loop_control:
+    label: "{{ item }}"
+  when: atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+
+- name: Assign primary Atlas LAN interface to managed firewalld zone
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services]
+  ansible.posix.firewalld:
+    interface: "{{ ansible_facts.default_ipv4.interface }}"
+    zone: "{{ atlas_firewalld_zone }}"
+    state: enabled
+    permanent: true
+    immediate: true
+  when: atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+
+- name: Remove unrestricted Atlas services from firewalld zone
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services]
+  ansible.posix.firewalld:
+    service: "{{ item }}"
+    permanent: true
+    immediate: true
+    state: disabled
+    zone: "{{ atlas_firewalld_zone }}"
+  loop: "{{ atlas_firewalld_restricted_services }}"
+  loop_control:
+    label: "{{ item }}"
+  when: atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+
 - name: Render Atlas NFS exports
   tags: [atlas, sharing]
   ansible.builtin.template:
@@ -10,19 +56,6 @@
   notify: Reload NFS exports
   when: atlas_manage_sharing | bool
 
-- name: Enable Atlas file-sharing services
-  tags: [atlas, sharing, services]
-  ansible.builtin.systemd:
-    name: "{{ item }}"
-    enabled: true
-    state: started
-  loop:
-    - nfs-server.service
-    - smb.service
-  loop_control:
-    label: "{{ item }}"
-  when: atlas_manage_sharing | bool
-
 - name: Configure Atlas NFSv4-only service
   tags: [atlas, sharing]
   ansible.builtin.template:
@@ -99,6 +132,7 @@
   tags: [atlas, sharing]
   ansible.builtin.assert:
     that:
+      - atlas_samba_encryption in ['required', 'desired']
       - atlas_samba_accounts | length > 0
       - >-
         atlas_samba_accounts | map(attribute='username') | list
@@ -131,38 +165,87 @@
   no_log: true
   when: atlas_manage_sharing | bool
 
-- name: Require completed Atlas firewall placeholders
+- name: Enable Atlas file-sharing services
   tags: [atlas, sharing, services]
+  ansible.builtin.systemd:
+    name: "{{ item }}"
+    enabled: true
+    state: started
+  loop:
+    - nfs-server.service
+    - smb.service
+  loop_control:
+    label: "{{ item }}"
+  when: atlas_manage_sharing | bool
+
+- name: Gather effective Atlas firewalld zone configuration
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services, security]
+  ansible.posix.firewalld_info:
+    zones:
+      - "{{ atlas_firewalld_zone }}"
+  register: atlas_firewalld_info
+  when:
+    - atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+    - not ansible_check_mode
+
+- name: Verify effective Atlas firewalld restrictions
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services, security]
   ansible.builtin.assert:
     that:
-      - atlas_lan_subnet != 'CHANGEME_LAN_SUBNET'
-      - atlas_aegis_ip != 'CHANGEME_AEGIS_IP'
-      - atlas_firewalld_zone | length > 0
-    fail_msg: Replace the Atlas LAN, Aegis and firewall-zone placeholders.
-  when: atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+      - atlas_firewalld_zone in atlas_firewalld_info.firewalld_info.zones
+      - >-
+        ansible_facts.default_ipv4.interface
+        in atlas_firewalld_info.firewalld_info.zones[atlas_firewalld_zone].interfaces
+      - >-
+        atlas_firewalld_restricted_services
+        | intersect(atlas_firewalld_info.firewalld_info.zones[atlas_firewalld_zone].services)
+        | length == 0
+    fail_msg: >-
+      The effective Atlas firewalld zone does not restrict the primary LAN
+      interface and unmanaged service exposure as declared.
+  when:
+    - atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+    - not ansible_check_mode
 
-- name: Apply Atlas firewalld rich rules
-  tags: [atlas, sharing, services]
-  ansible.posix.firewalld:
-    rich_rule: "{{ item }}"
-    permanent: true
-    immediate: true
-    state: enabled
-    zone: "{{ atlas_firewalld_zone }}"
-  loop: "{{ atlas_firewalld_rich_rules }}"
-  loop_control:
-    label: "{{ item }}"
-  when: atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+- name: Apply pending Atlas sharing handlers before verification
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services, security]
+  ansible.builtin.meta: flush_handlers
+  when:
+    - atlas_manage_sharing | bool
+    - not ansible_check_mode
 
-- name: Remove unrestricted Atlas services from firewalld zone
-  tags: [atlas, sharing, services]
-  ansible.posix.firewalld:
-    service: "{{ item }}"
-    permanent: true
-    immediate: true
-    state: disabled
-    zone: "{{ atlas_firewalld_zone }}"
-  loop: "{{ atlas_firewalld_restricted_services }}"
+- name: Read Atlas file-sharing service state
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services, security]
+  ansible.builtin.service_facts:
+  when:
+    - atlas_manage_sharing | bool
+    - not ansible_check_mode
+
+- name: Require active Atlas file-sharing services
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services, security]
+  ansible.builtin.assert:
+    that:
+      - ansible_facts.services['nfs-server.service'] is defined
+      - ansible_facts.services['nfs-server.service'].state == 'running'
+      - ansible_facts.services['smb.service'] is defined
+      - ansible_facts.services['smb.service'].state == 'running'
+    fail_msg: Atlas NFSv4 or SMB3 did not start after its managed configuration was applied.
+  when:
+    - atlas_manage_sharing | bool
+    - not ansible_check_mode
+
+- name: Require Atlas file-sharing TCP listeners
+  tags: [atlas, sharing, services, security]
+  ansible.builtin.wait_for:
+    host: 127.0.0.1
+    port: "{{ item }}"
+    state: started
+    timeout: 15
+  loop:
+    - 2049
+    - 445
   loop_control:
-    label: "{{ item }}"
-  when: atlas_manage_firewall | bool
+    label: "{{ item }}/tcp"
+  when:
+    - atlas_manage_sharing | bool
+    - not ansible_check_mode

ansible/roles/profile_atlas/templates/00-atlas-hardening.conf.j2

@@ -3,4 +3,16 @@ PermitRootLogin no
 PubkeyAuthentication yes
 PasswordAuthentication no
 KbdInteractiveAuthentication no
+AuthenticationMethods publickey
+X11Forwarding no
+AllowTcpForwarding {{ atlas_ssh_allow_tcp_forwarding }}
+AllowAgentForwarding no
+GatewayPorts no
+PermitTunnel no
+PermitUserEnvironment no
+MaxAuthTries 3
+LoginGraceTime 30
+ClientAliveInterval 300
+ClientAliveCountMax 2
+LogLevel VERBOSE
 AllowUsers {{ atlas_admin_username }}

ansible/roles/profile_atlas/templates/smb.conf.j2

@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
   security = user
   map to guest = Never
   server min protocol = SMB3
+  server signing = mandatory
+  smb encrypt = {{ atlas_samba_encryption }}
+  disable netbios = yes
+  smb ports = 445
   hosts allow = {{ atlas_lan_subnet }}
   include = registry